Why would Spotlight be using lots of CPU when only a few things are being indexed?

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Why would Spotlight be using lots of CPU when only a few things are being indexed?


I’ve been trying to diagnose hangs and bad perf on my 2015 MBP running MacOS 12.2.1. One thing I noticed was various md* processes running and taking up a lot of CPU, e.g. mds, mdworker, mdworker_shared, etc.

I only use Spotlight as an application launcher and for calculations, so I removed everything from Spotlight settings except for "Applications", "Calculator", "Conversion", "Definition", and "System Preferences". But Spotlight processes are still using a lot of CPU between them. Any idea why?

I added two screenshots below: one from a "low usage" case where md* processes are using ~25% of one CPU, and another "high usage" case where about 11 md* processes are using ~20% each.

Why would Spotlight be using lots of CPU when only a few things are being indexed?

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